Wednesday, June 29, 2011

Uploading Video From A Phone

HOW WOULD YOU GET FILES FROM YOUR PHONE TO A COMPUTER?
If you have files from your phone, you can simply use bluetooth and buetooth it on the computer or when you get a phone they might give you a cable that can attach your phone to a USB slot and transfer files easliy.
IF WE WERE USING MY PHONE THEN.....
If we were using my phone which is Motorola Quench then we would simply need just one cable to attach and transfer files from my phone to the computer.
WHAT FILE DOES IT STORE VIDEOS ON MY PHONE:
My phone stores videos it as 3GPP MOvie Importer

New Terms Relating Audio Files

Stereo:
Sound that is directed through two or more speakers so that it seems to surround the listener and to come from more than one source; stereophonic sound.
Channel:
An electric circuit that acts as a path for a signal  - an audio channel
Track:
A section of a record, compact disc, or cassette tape containing one song or piece of music
Frequency:
The rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time or in a given sample
Hertz:
the unit of frequency; one hertz has a periodic interval of one second
Decibel:
A unit used to measure the intensity of a sound or the power level of an electrical signal by comparing it with a given level on a logarithmic scale
Wav:
WAVE or WAV, short for Waveform Audio File Format, (rarely also named Audio for Windows) is a Microsoft and IBM audio file format standard for storing an audio bitstream on PCs
mp3:
MP3 is an audio file format, based on MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Group) technology. It creates very small files suitable for streaming or downloading over the Internet.
aiff:
Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) is an audio file format standard used for storing sound data for personal computers and other electronic audio devices

29/06/11

Yesss finallly finished the movie and storyboard. Now the whole class is watching it and its really embrassing :(

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Data Compression

What is Data Compression:
data compression, source coding or bit-rate reduction is the process of encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation would use.
What is a data compression ratio?
Data compression ratio, also known as compression power, is a computer-science term used to quantify the reduction in data-representation size produced by a data compression algorithm. The data compression ratio is analogous to the physical compression ratio used to measure physical compression of substances, and is defined in the same way, as the ratio between the compressed size and the uncompressed size: [1]
 {\rm Compression\;Ratio} = \frac{\rm Compressed\;Size}{\rm Uncompressed\;Size}
Why is data compression an important technique for the online world?
It reduces the amount of data stored on a hard disk or transmission of bandwidth. 
What is the difference between Lossy and Lossless data compression?
A lossy data compression method is one where compressing data and then decompressing it retrieves data that may well be different from the original, but is "close enough" to be useful in some way. Lossy data compression is used frequently on the Internet and especially in streaming media and telephony applications. These methods are typically referred to as codecs in this context. Most lossy data compression formats suffer from generation loss: repeatedly compressing and decompressing the file will cause it to progressively lose quality. This is in contrast with lossless data compression.

Types of lossy compression

There are two basic lossy compression schemes:
  • In lossy transform codecs, samples of picture or sound are taken, chopped into small segments, transformed into a new basis space, and quantized. The resulting quantized values are then entropy coded.
  • In lossy predictive codecs, previous and/or subsequent decoded data is used to predict the current sound sample or image frame. The error between the predicted data and the real data, together with any extra information needed to reproduce the prediction, is then quantized and coded.

In some systems the two techniques are combined, with transform codecs being used to compress the error signals generated by the predictive stage.

Lossless data compression make use of data compression algorithms that allows the exact original data to be reconstructed from the compressed data. This can be contrasted to lossy data compression, which does not allow the exact original data to be reconstructed from the compressed data. Lossless data compression is used in many applications. For example, it is used in the popular ZIP file format and in the Unix tool gzip. It is also often used as a component within lossy data compression technologies. The advantage of lossy methods over lossless methods is that in some cases a lossy method can produce a much smaller compressed file than any known lossless method, while still meeting the requirements of the application.

Lossy methods are most often used for compressing sound, images or videos. The compression ratio (that is, the size of the compressed file compared to that of the uncompressed file) of lossy video codecs are nearly always far superior to those of the audio and still-image equivalents. Audio can be compressed at 10:1 with no noticeable loss of quality, video can be compressed immensely with little visible quality loss, eg 300:1. Lossily compressed still images are often compressed to 1/10th their original size, as with audio, but the quality loss is more noticeable, especially on closer inspection.

When a user acquires a lossily-compressed file, (for example, to reduce download-time) the retrieved file can be quite different from the original at the bit level while being indistinguishable to the human ear or eye for most practical purposes. Many methods focus on the idiosyncrasies of the human anatomy, taking into account, for example, that the human eye can see only certain frequencies of light. The psycho-acoustic model describes how sound can be highly compressed without degrading the perceived quality of the sound. Flaws caused by lossy compression that are noticeable to the human eye or ear are known as compression artifacts.
Lossless compression algorithms usually exploit statistical redundancy in such a way as to represent the sender's data more concisely, but nevertheless perfectly. Lossless compression is possible because most real-world data has statistical redundancy. For example, in English text, the letter 'e' is much more common than the letter 'z', and the probability that the letter 'q' will be followed by the letter 'z' is very small.

Another kind of compression, called lossy data compression, is possible if some loss of fidelity is acceptable. For example, a person viewing a picture or television video scene might not notice if some of its finest details are removed or not represented perfectly. Similarly, two clips of audio may be perceived as the same to a listener even though one is missing details found in the other. Lossy data compression algorithms introduce relatively minor differences and represent the picture, video, or audio using fewer bits.

Lossless compression schemes are reversible so that the original data can be reconstructed, while lossy schemes accept some loss of data in order to achieve higher compression. However, lossless data compression algorithms will always fail to compress some files; indeed, any compression algorithm will necessarily fail to compress any data containing no discernible patterns. Attempts to compress data that has been compressed already will therefore usually result in an expansion, as will attempts to compress encrypted data.

In practice, lossy data compression will also come to a point where compressing again does not work, although an extremely lossy algorithm, which for example always removes the last byte of a file, will always compress a file up to the point where it is empty

Which method offers the greatest compression ratio?
The method that offers the greatest compression ratio is lossy compression. The compression ratio of lossy video codecs are generally better than audio and still-image.
The video can be compressed at a 100:1 ratio 
Audio can often be compressed at a 10:1 
Still images are also often compressed at a 10:1 ratio.
The compression rate of lossy compression is about 5-6% while the rate of lossless compression ranges from 50 60%.
.
Why is human psychology and perception an important factor in methods of Lossy compression?
This is because in lossy compressions, very little of the information from a file is still there. Without the deception of how the human eye sees the difference of information, the file would be very different from the original. If we allow our mind to do so would be able to the errors in a lossy compression.
Name Lossy file formats for audio, still image and video format.
Audio:
MP3 - .mp3
MPEG-1 - .mp2
WMA - .wma

Still Image:
CPC - .cpc
DjVu - .djvu .djv
JPEG - .jpg .jpeg

Video:
DV - .dv .dif
MPEG-1 - .mpg .mpeg .mp2 .mp3 .mpa
MPEG-2 - .mpg .mpeg .mp2 .mp3 .m2v



 

 
 

Introduction to Video

What are some advantages of digital video?
  • Single-pass, analog-type impairments are non-cumulative if the signal stays digital. However, a concatenation of digital black boxes using analog interfaces leads to cumulative analog signal degradations and should be avoided.
  • There is a reduced sensitivity to noise and interference.
  • Digital equipment efficiently and economically performs tasks that are difficult or impossible to perform using analog technology.
  • It is amenable to the application of techniques for efficient retention of essential information such as compression.
What is meant by frame rate in video?
A film frame, or just frame, is one of the many single photographic images in a motion picture. The individual frames are separated by frame lines. Normally, 24 frames are needed for one second of film. In ordinary filming, the frames are photographed automatically, one after the other, in a movie camera. In special effects or animation filming, the frames are often shot one at a time.
Are all videos/movies the same frame rate, explain your answer?
No, not all videos or movies are the same frame rate, so videos/movies may be slower by frame thanothers. Like for example an interview or horror movie frames wouldnt go as fast as a non stop action movie.

What is meant by resolution, how is it measured?
Definition: Resolution is the term used to describe the number of dots, or pixels, used to display an image. Higher resolutions mean that more pixels are used to create the image, resulting in a crisper, cleaner image.
The display, or resolution on a monitor, is composed of thousands of pixels or dots. This display is indicated by a number combination, such as 800 x 600. This indicates that there are 800 dots horizontally across the monitor, by 600 lines of dots vertically, equaling 480,000 dots that make up the image you see on the screen.
Examples:
The resolution setting on the computer monitor was set for 800 pixels wide by 600 pixels deep.
How is it measured?:

Resolution is Measured in Pixels



    • The resolution of a monitor is measured in picture elements, or "pixels" for short. Pixels are tiny dots that display on a computer monitor in one of millions of colors, shades and hues. To the viewer, the many pixels in a computer monitor combine to form a viewable picture.

    Vertical Measurements

    • The first consideration in measuring a monitor's resolution is the number of lines displayed on the monitor from top to bottom. While a traditional television display may consist of about 480 lines, higher resolution computer monitors squeeze at least 1080 lines onto the display.

    Horizontal Measurements

    • Each of the many lines measured in Section Two above is comprised of hundreds or thousands of tiny dots (pixels). Generally, the number of pixels contained in a line is proportional to the number of lines in the monitor's display; more lines means more dots in each line.

    Resolution is Measured in Horizontal x Vertical Pixels

    • When a monitor's resolution is described, the description generally consists of the number of dots (pixels) contained in each line followed by the number of lines on the monitor. For example, a 1600 x 1200 display would contain 1600 pixels per line and display 1200 lines. An older monitor that displays resolutions of 640 x 480 would display 480 lines containing 640 pixels each. By this measurement, the number of dots per line can be multiplied by the number of lines to identify the total number of pixels displayed by the monitor. Using the examples above, a 1600 x1 200 monitor would display 1,920,000 individual pixels. An older monitor with a resolution of 640 x 480 would display 307,200 individual pixels. Because the individual pixels combine to display a complete picture, a higher number of pixels generally means a clearer picture.






  • What is the colour system called RGB?
    The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green, and blue light is added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.
    The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation, and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography. Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.
    RGB is a device-dependent color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time. Thus an RGB value does not define the same color across devices without some kind of color management.
    Typical RGB input devices are color TV and video cameras, image scanners, and digital cameras. Typical RGB output devices are TV sets of various technologies (CRT, LCD, plasma, etc.), computer and mobile phone displays, video projectors, multicolor LED displays, and large screens such as JumboTron, etc. Color printers, on the other hand, are not RGB devices, but subtractive color devices (typically CMYK color model).


    Explain the video standards PAL, NTSC, and SECAM, what are the main differences between them?
    There are 3 main analog video standards in use around the world.
    PAL (Phase Alternating Line)
    NTSC (National Television System Committee)
    SECAM (Séquentiel Couleur à Mémoire—Sequential Color with Memory)

    Each standard is incompatible with the other two. Also, the equipment that demodulates the signal must be formatted for that signal.
    Generally NTSC is used in North America, most of the countries in South America and Japan. PAL is the format for the UK and most European countries except France and parts of Eastern Europe which use SECAM. For example, a recording made in the France could not be played on an American VCR.
    If you view video tapes that are from outside of the United States, or send videos abroad, you must first convert the tape to or from the foreign television standard.
    This table illustrates the differences between the video standards:

    Research Task

    To view my HD Script CLick Here

    NTSC M
    PAL B,G,H
    PAL I
    PAL N
    PAL M
    SECAM B,G,H
    SECAM D,K,K’,L
    Lines/Fields525/60625/50625/50625/50525/60625/50625/50
    Horizontal Frequency15.734 kHz15.625 kHz15.625 kHz15.625 kHz15.750 kHz15.625 kHz15.625 kHz
    Vertical Frequency60 Hz50 Hz50 Hz50 Hz60 Hz50 Hz50 Hz
    Color Subcarrier Frequency3.579545 MHz4.43361875 MHz4.43361875 MHz3.582056 MHz3.575611 MHz
    Video Bandwidth4.2 MHz5.0 MHz5.5 MHz4.2 MHz4.2 MHz5.0 MHz6.0 MHz
    Sound Carrier4.5 MHz5.5 MHz5.9996 MHz4.5 MHz4.5 MHz5.5 MHz6.5

    What Standard do we use in Australia? What is an IEEE 1394 port?

    We pretty much use PAL
    a high-speed, serial input/output bus for computer peripherals and consumer electronics, capable of transfer speeds of up to 400 megabits per second.
    • PRO: fastest external input/output bus available; supports up to 63 devices at once; optimal for bandwidth-hungry devices such as digital video cameras and external storage devices.
    • CON: not as widely implemented as Universal Serial Bus; needs fast CPU.
    • Why do digital video cameras use video compression? Firstly Video compression refers to reducing the quantity of data used to represent digital video images, and is a combination of spatial image compression and temporal motion compensation. Video compression is an example of the concept of source coding in Information theory. This article deals with its applications: compressed video can effectively reduce the bandwidth required to transmit video via terrestrial broadcast, via cable TV, or via satellite TV services. Digital Video Cameras use video compression because its easier to store something large.
      What is meant by “generation loss”, where does it happen?
      Any time the footage has to be recompressed results in a generation loss. For example, colour correction, super imposed titles, a cross dissolve.Generation loss refers to the loss of quality and potential increase of file size between subsequent copies of data. Anything that reduces the quality of the representation when copying, and would cause further reduction in quality on making a copy of the copy, can be considered a form of generation loss. Mostly in Analog Systems where is most likely to occur is because of the noise that the bandwidth and amplifiers make.

      Describe what a codec is.
      A codec is a device or computer program capable of encoding and/or decoding a digital data stream or signal.The word codec is a portmanteau of 'compressor-decompressor' or, more commonly, 'coder-decoder'.

    Camera Angles And specific shots we took :)

    Firstly we all know about the

    walking in the autuem
    Starring
    inclass
    time passing
    walking opver the coin
    birdseye view of locker
    inside the locker scene

    28/06/11

    Today was the final week of when our assignment is due. I am really excited because all our hard work and effort has been put into this video and finally we finished it today. Ahhh now i know how much trouble directors and editors feel. We are finishing off the storyboard tomorrow and uploading to sharepoint tomorrow as well. We have trimmed and splited most of the scenes which makes thevideo run smoothly. We have used the Songs "US" and "Green Day" as a backing track and we have muted the music where a dialogue needs to be heard. Kate told me that she was going to post the final video on her blog and make it private so only her followers (like me) could view it. Unfortunatly I really want the final because I was supposed to edit it.


    OVERALL
    We are nearly done Hooray :)

    28/06/11

    Second last lesson of IST this term.Finishing storyboard and filming ending. Nearly Done! YAY

    Thursday, June 23, 2011

    IDEASSSSS :)

    Chelsea came up with this fabulous idea of having a starring thing in the beginning which kind of looks like this:Video


    We have also made a special thanks video but we are going to add that to our blogs later

    Wednesday, June 22, 2011

    22/06/11

    Today we asked Sir politely if we could have an extension to next week and Sir said yes! Thankgod because we wanted to make it better and still had to finish the storyboard. Today we put everything together and we only have the ending to finalize:)

    AT LUNCH
    My group met up at lunch(I couldnt come, unfortunatly) but from what I heard, mainly all the editing is finished which is good to know.Basically the storyline has improved by making the same coin transfer to different people and at the end it comes back to me:)

    Here is how Shenelka(girl from our class) gets the coin but A teacher takes it off her. Click Here :)

    Monday, June 20, 2011

    20/06/11

    Today was the second last lesson we had for our assignment. I could see we were lacking off a bit. We are so behind. We need to reshoot scenes and finish all the editing, on top of that we had one team member away(kate). Therefore our plan for this lesson is to reshoot all the scenes by today and finish the editing and storyboard by wednesday.


    (15mins Later)

    We just came back from reshooting some scenes and are planning to meet up at lunch because there is one particular shoot where we want lots of people in the background. Therefore we decided to do it at lunch.


    (After Lunch)

    Unfortunatly one of our team members (chelsea) didnt show up at lunch which made it a little hard for only aish and i to do, but our friends that were from different classes helped out and it all worked.:)

    Wednesday, June 15, 2011

    15/06/11

    Today we realised that the dur date is closer than we thought. Today we just managed to reshoot the first scene and the high tech effects. We were planning to edit a bit more at lunch but kate and chelsea didnt want to waste their lunch. It was ok because me and aish have a feeling that we can do it. Unfortunatly we missed out on a lesson yesterday due to the commerce incursion and Chelsea and Kate will miss out on the lesson on friday due to the History Excursion. But thankfully Aish and I will still be here and will finish the editing and start putting it together. :)

    Long Weekend:)

    As you may know that on the long weekend we had so much time to get together and discuss plans and filming couldve been done at somebodies house. Therefore our group decided to meet up on 11th of June. Unfortunatly i wasnt able to come and participate but from what I heard from my fellow group members, they got through heaps and also done the "light Graffiti". Which will be used in the introduction. Here are some pictures of how it looks like:






     DOESNT IT LOOK SO COOL ?? !!!! We are planning to use this in the beginning as like a title, to attract the audiences attention :)

    Gnatt Chart

    Here is our Gnatt Chart which will show what we are doing each week.Basically these few weeks that we have we are finishing our filming and starting to edit.


    Week 6
    Week 7
    Week 8
    Week9
    Planning




    Filming




    Editing






    Kate – Wednesday, Thursdays, Saturdays (morning)
    Me – Tuesday
    Angela – Long weekend
    Aish – Sunday, Sunday (morning)
    We made a list of the times our group members arent free. And then we are deciding from that point whose house and when.
     

    Wednesday, June 8, 2011

    PROBLEMSSSSSS:(

    As referred to my last post we were going to shoot the second scene at lunch Well now we have a rule where we arent allowed to use phones or cameras to shoot at school because we cannot shoot in our school uniform. Therefore we are worried and couldnt do any shooting at lunch. We are desperately are trying to organise some alternative.


    HOPE WE CAN THINK ORF SOME FAST :)

    8/06/2011

    Today we are planning to shoot scenes 1  which are explained in the previous blog entries.

    15mins later

    OMG finally we got through scene 1 without laughing. everyone was happy but then we realised that if we only have like 3 weeks left then how are we going to finish editing and filming :O BIG WORRY we thought of going to each others houses  but everyone was occupied especially this long weekend. But we were still happy of finishing the first scene and we were thinking of starting the next scene at lunch!

    Tuesday, June 7, 2011

    BroadBand :)

    What is Broadband?
    The term broadband refers to a telecommunications signal of greater bandwidth, in some sense, than another standard or usual signal (and the broader the band, the greater the capacity for traffic). Different criteria for "broad" have been applied in different contexts and at different times. Its origin is in radio systems engineering, but became popularized after MediaOne adopted it as part of a marketing campaign in 1996 to sell their high speed data access. The slogan was "This is Broadband. This is the Way". The term has never been formally defined, even though it is used widely and has been the subject of many policy debates, and the FCC "National Broadband Plan".
    What units are used to measure bandwidth?

    Bandwidth is measured in Hertz . Above is an example of Lights flash at frequency f = 0.5 Hz (Hz = hertz), 1.0 Hz and 2.0 Hz, where x Hz means x flashes per second. T is the period and T = y s (s = second) means that y is the number of seconds per flash. T and f are each other's reciprocal: f = 1/T and T = 1/f.
    How much faster is broadband than dial up?
    Dial Up means that you use an actual phone circuit to get data connectivity. The most you can get is around 56KbpsBroadband is a ‘broad bandwidth’ connection. It allows a large amount of data to travel through a medium at the same time. There are many opinions about what a large amount of data entails. Everything is relative though.
    The term "broadband" refers to the high-speed internet connection that most of us now have access to. The basic (some might even call it "old-fashioned" nowadays) internet connection used to be via a (dial-up) telephone line in your home or your office.
    On dial-up, when you used the computer's internet connection you had to use the same line as your telephone line. Because of the technology available in the early days, a phone conversation and internet data couldn't share the same line. So you could talk on the telephone or surf the internet, but you couldn't do both at the same time. This made using the internet a difficult experience and pretty inconvenient, especially for home users.
    However, with a broadband connection you either have a high-speed line dedicated to the internet (as in a cable connection), or a high-speed telephone line which is able to accommodate both voice and data simultaneously (as in the case of DSL). DSL connections require a filter to keep noise from the voice side from impeding the transfer of data.
    A lot of people who still have a dial-up connection are now switching to broadband as soon as it becomes available in their locality. They have experienced the huge difference in speed and dial-up now seems far too slow. When you've been on a broadband connection at your place work and then come home to dial-up, it can be quite disappointing.The market for broadband in the UK is huge, with many broadband providers competing for your business. Each type of broadband connection has its pros and cons. You'll need to consider which service offers the speed you need at a price you can easily afford.Make sure that you take advantage of the many special offers about. Because of the fierce competition between broadband providers, many of them offer various savings on monthly fees and supply routers for free, which can make your entry into broadband pretty inexpensive.
    What are the speeds that broadband operates at compared to dial up?
    Dialup may achieve speeds of up to 56 Kbps, while broadband routinely delivers at least 5 million bytes per second (or 5Mbps), which is much faster than the FCC's requirement for broadband.
     What are some of the advantages of using a broadband connection to download something like a video compared to dial up?
     Advantages of using Broadband is the speed,reliablity,a fixed rate and how convenient they are. But for dial UpAdvantages of Dial Up Internet Access

    Low Cost
    : Dial up method has always been and will remain the cheapest method of connecting to the Internet. All kinds of usages are charged according to the telephone call tariff only. No extra money is charged just because it is being used in data transfer, most of the times. Sometimes, the prizes go up because of the individual requirements of speed and performance.

    Safety: A dial up connection is much safer than any other technology because of the rotation of the IP addresses, assigned to a user.
    IP address is a set of numbers assigned to you, that you use to connect to the Internet. So, wherever you go you leave a trail behind. Using a dial up connection, every time a person logs in, he does so using a new IP address. This makes hacking an account impossible and saves the user a lot of headache. IP address theft has some serious consequences, like someone can login using your IP address and do 'wrong things' that may actually point back at you.

    Availability: This is probably the best feature of dial up
    internet access. It provides the user with the convenience of using his account wherever the service is available. That means, if you are going on a vacation and the service provider is available at that location, you can very much log in to your account and access the internet. This is mostly not the case with the broadband connection. And hence the dial up gets an upper edge when it comes to 'being there', always.

    Disadvantages of Dial Up Internet Access

    Speed: Speed is one of the biggest disadvantages of a dial up connection. The maximum speed a dial up connection can achieve is 56,000 bytes per second, which is way too less compared to all the other technologies available, these days. The page loading speed is so slow that, many times you may want to go and finish other works in between. The slow speed of the dial up can be easily and very conveniently blamed on the technology that it uses. The internet surfing process on a dial up connection goes through various levels of conversions, modulations and also handshakes (yes, the machines hand shake and agree to a few things, before they start working). We are not going in details of the working of this technology here. For now, it's enough to know that all these processes, that actually happen in a few minutes are really tedious. One should really go through the technology concepts at least once. It's guaranteed that you will stop complaining about the speed of your connection and will start admiring it. A computer actually achieves so much in just a few minutes. But yes, there are many technologies that are doing better, and hence the less popularity of the dial up connection.

    Requires Phone Line: A dial up connection requires a permanent
    phone line, that can be dialed to connect to the Internet. So you cannot always carry your internet along with you, like with some other technologies. Yes, you can surf it from some other place but only when there is an existing phone line of the same service provider, at that place.

    Route Busy: Everyone of us born in the 80s and the 90s very well know, what it means. Newer generations might not be familiar with it because of the absence of land lines in most places, these days. By route busy, the technology means that the single line available, is being used for some kind of data transfer and hence anything else cannot be done right now. So if the user is using the line for internet purpose, the line will sound busy for the other people, who may be trying to dial in. Hence, there may be times, that you are connecting to the world and feeling liberated and at the same time, your parents (out for a trip) are going mad trying to call you up at home.
    Create an image in paint that illustrates how a high bandwidth connection can move more data compared to a dial up connection at a given time.


    Think of your connection to the internet as a tunnel that links your computer to the internet. A regular phone line can allow only a small amount of data to pass through at a time. In comparison, a broadband is a wider (or broader) tunnel, allowing a greater amount of information to pass through your connection at one time. The width of this tunnel is called "bandwidth." The more bandwidth you have, the faster you can move data.

    A] How many people subscribed to the internet in 2007? How many of these were for business use? How many for home use?
    Well 25% of people got dial up,50% got DSL, 10% got cable and 5% got wireless.  About a 100 subscribed for business and around about 700 for home use.
    B] Look at the access technologies heading. How many more people are using broadband since 2005? Remember that you have to add 000 to the numbers.
    Couldnt find any access technologies
    Testing Speed of Internet
    The speed of the 'Ping' is 58ms
    Download speed : .56mbps
    Upload Speed : .66mbps